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ALEXANDER M. DEMON AND JAMES WHITAKEE, or LOWELL, MASSACHU-V SETTS, AssIeNoEs To EATON e AYER, 0E NASEUA, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

Letters Patent No. 79,557, dated July 7, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN 'SHUTTLES FOR IOOMS. l

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` TQ ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, ALEXANDER M. DAMoN and JAMES Wm'rAKEn, both of Lowell, in the conntyof Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shuttle- Thrcaders, of which the' following is a full, clear,-'and exact description',.referencc'being had to the accompanying drawings, making part ofthe specification, in which Figure 1 isV a longitudinal vertical section. l

Figure 2, a horizontal piane section, the pla-ne ofthe section passing through the centre.

Figure 3, a. front side elevation ot' one end of the shuttle.

Figure 4, a bottom end, and

Figure 5 a sidcof an eccentric-stud and plate, a.

Figure 6, a top view of the plate a.

Figures 7 and 8 are top views of part of a shuttle, the latter with thc plato a removed.

This invention consists- First, in the combination, with *guide-pins 'at each side of the eye-of thc shuttle, of the concentric platoy supporting stud band plate a which covers thc slot c in the side of the shuttle, as clearly shown in the drawings.

Second, this invention consists of the plate a and eccentric supportinffstud b, when arranged and combined with the slotted-eyed shuttle, for the purpose and substantially as shown, and as hereinafter described.

Third, this invention consists of the combination, with'the slotted-eyed shuttle, of a plate, a, the plato being arranged over and serving as a cover for the slot, substantially as shown in the drawings.

' In our said invention that'cnd of the shuttle to which the spindle is connected, and which carries the bobbin, may be made in the usual form, as well as the middle` portion oi' the shuttle, but in the delivery-end of `the shuttle we iirst form an annular 'cavity ldown'about halfway through the wood or other substan c@ In the'bottoin of this cavity a hole is made,t or arnutset to receive the end ofu'one ofthe studs I).

The top of the shuttle around the cavity is countersunk or counterborcd from one-eighth to one-fourth of an' inch' in depth to receive the plate a, but is enough larger' than said plate to allow thc filling-thread to pass readily downward between the edge of the plate o and the surrounding substance, and under thc edge of the plate,` which is raised, leaving a space for the iilling to pass beneath it, and to and around the stud I).

I When changes in the tension on the filling are required, (as in weaving different kinds of cloth on the same loo'in with the same shuttle, but-at diil'ercnt times,) the eccentric-stud b and its plate a are intended to b c used, and when applied to the shuttle the plate a should he slotted on acurve, as shown in the drawings, and this curved slotted plate and the eccentric-stud connected may be vturned round on the screw 7i, a greater o'r less l Apartei a revolution, and by the ecccntrieity oi' the stud cha-nge the line ot' draught, and increase or diminish 'the tension on the filling.

'lhe eccentric-stud should have a concentric guide-pin or pintle, y, to enter thc hole in the bottom of the cavity, or to enter or screw into a nut,f, set therein. Such pintleserves, in connection with the screw 7i, to keepv the plate a and stud b in position, and to prevent the saine getting moved, loosened, or broken by the sudden blows of the shuttle at the extremities ofthe lay.

when the tension on the filling is required to be the same at all times, thc concentric-stud is used, and

. *this concentric-stud supplies the place of the eccentric-stud in either case above described; and in the use of such studs and plates, the plate a covers the slot c, and protects it from the action of the warp-threads, which `would otherwise get into the slot and do great'injury.

W-hen the filling passes out at thc eye of the shuttle, it is drawn first in one direction, then in the other, as

thc shuttle passes through the web in wearing, and it is quite important that both sides -of thecye should be unitorm, even, and smooth, so as to maintain even tension on the filling, in whichever direction the shuttle is thrown. t l v This uniformity and smoothness in the sides of the eye is obtained or provided 'f'or by inserting a round metal guide-pin in the substance ofthe shuttle, at each side of the eye, and partly within and crossing it.

'lhcse guido-pins not only make both sides of the eye oven, smooth, and uniform, but they materially strengthen the sides of thcshuttle at each side of the slotcfand, in connection with either of'the studs aid materiallyin` preserving and maintaining the same even tension on the filling.4 i,

Seeuringthe plate a to the shuttle, and retaining it firmly in position by means of the pintle g inserted in the wood, or screwed into a nut, f, and by the screw h, which gets a goed bearing in the solid substance of the shuttle, we nd of' great importance, since the plate a and either ot' the studs must be firmly secured, in order to be retained in their operative positions against the violent action of the shuttle when it strikes the pickers at thc extremities or ends of the lay.

The slot c, unprotected by a plate, 6r an equivalent, would not be available and operative for a useful purpose, but when combincd'with and covered by a plate, a, as clearly shown and described, the slot e serves admirably the purpose of a thread-passage from the underside of the plate to the eye of the shuttle.

The direction of the filling, in passing around the plate a and down to beneath the said plate, is clearly shown in iig. 7, and the filling drawn from the bobbin, aroundA the stud b and out at the eye of the shuttle, is shown in fig. 8.

Between thc annular cavity and the countcrbored space, which contains the plate a, and the cavity in which the bobbin is supported, an opening is made to allow thcf'ree passage of the filling-thread from the bobbin to and around the stud b, and out at the eye'of the shuttle.

In threading this shuttle, the filling-thread is drawn around and under the plate a, between the outer edge of the plate and the surrounding substance to the slot c, and through, it into thfc eye, which completes the threading operation. t v

v One object of this invention is to-p'rev'ent the necessity of sucking the filling through the eye of the shuttle, (a common practicc,) and thereby inhaling dust and linty fibre, so injurious to the person thus threading the shuttle.' i

Other objects are, to provide some means for regulating the ltension o'n the illing, and devices which are easily adjustable and removable; devices whichare substantial, reliable, and operative for useful purposes, and whicharc secured to the shuttle by means which cannot fail to insure their successful operation; devices which combine with and cover the slot c,and insure the safest action ofthe shuttle,.and render the slot available and operative for a useful purpose; -to provide easilyremovable, adjustable, and changeable plate-supporting devices, which not only combine with and support the slot-protecting plate, for a new and useful purpose, and in a manner not shown in any other similar invention, but which guide the filling-thread from the bobbin to the eye of the shuttle, on any line of clraughtdesired, and vary the tension on the filling.

And in combination with the guide-pins, at each side ofthe eye of the shuttle, these plate-supporting studs, whether concentric or eccentric, aid in securing and maintaining thc same even tension on the filling, whichever way or in whichever direction thc shuttle is thrown;v and no greater amount of friction or tension will be raised on the filling, when the shuttlev is thrown in one direction, than when it is thrown in the opposite direction, which we consider of'great importance in order to weave cven cloth.

Whereas, in the use of a shuttle, which ha's'a guide-wire to guide the filling from the bobbin, and' where the sides of the eye of the shuttle are unequal, (as where the eye is made on an angle, or ob'liqucly and horizontally through the side ot' the shuttle,) the filling will be drawn tighter and the tension on the filling will be greater when 4the shuttle is thrown in one direction than when it is thrown in the opposite direction, and the consequence will he that thc filling will be drawn tighter at one edge of the cloth than at the other edge, and if .the tightly drawn-threads at one sidcof the cloth do not so draw the selvedgc-cldge in as to sever the selvedgethreads, by the action of the reed, regardless of the action of the temples tio hold the selvcdge-edge out, such tightly-drawn filling at one side will not produce such even and uniform cloth as though the lling-threads were vall equally drawn.

In the use of a shuttlewhich has no guiding-device for guiding the filling to the eye, but where the filling leads from the bobbin to the eye of the shuttle, the eye of such a shuttle may be made more or less obliquely through the side of the shuttle, and the tension on the filling in such a shuttle will bc very nearly or quite equal in either direction; for in its passage throughan oblique eye or thread-passage only, the filling cannot change its line of' draught in the eye, so as to materially affect the tension on the same.

i -We are aware that a shuttle was invented by J. M. Kelsey, in 1855, which contained a thread-guide, to insure the liuc of' draught from the bobbin, and an unprotected slot in the side of the shuttle, as a passage for the thread to the eye; we arc'also aware that this shuttle was capable of being threadedvby passing the thread leadingy from the bobbin over or through the thread-guide, and by drawing the thread, which is beyond the guide, along against the top edge ofthe shuttle towards and to thc slot, and through itinto the eye; and there'-l forc we' wish it to be distinctly understood that we disclaim having invented the eouivalent, in principle or operation of, that which was invented by said J. M. Kelsey; but

What we do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with the guide-pins at the sides of the eye ofthe shuttle, thc concentric plate, supportingstnd b, and plato a, which covers the slot e in the side ofthe shuttle, in the manner and for thc purpose described.

2. The -plate a and eccentric supportinghstud b, when arranged and combined with the slotted-eyed shuttle, for tho purpose and Asubstantially as described.

- 3. The combination, with the slotted-eyed shuttle, of the plate a, the plate being arranged over andserving as n cover for the slot.

A. M. DAMON, JAMES WHJTAKER. Witnesses:

,JOHN E. CRANE, O. 1I. MoUL'roX. 

